Chronic Total Occlusions

A chronic total occlusion (CTO) is a blockage in your coronary arteries, the blood vessels that supply blood to your heart. The blockage is usually the result of a fatty substance called plaque building up and narrowing your arteries. You’re more likely to develop a CTO if you have coronary artery disease.

A chronic total occlusion (CTO) is a total blockage in one of your coronary arteries lasting three or more months. Your coronary arteries are the blood vessels that carry blood to your heart. CTOs restrict blood flow to your heart, which can lead to chest pain, shortness of breath or a heart attack.

Chronic total occlusions are more common in people who have coronary artery disease (CAD). Up to 1 in 3 people with CAD also have a CTO.

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Symptoms

CTO symptoms may include:

• Chest pain, tightness or pressure.
• Dizziness.
• Fatigue.
• Irregular heartbeat.
• Nausea.
• Racing or rapid heartbeat.
• Shortness of breath (dyspnea).
• Upper arm pain.

CTO symptoms often worsen when you exert yourself and lessen during rest. However, you may also experience symptoms while at rest. You may also have no symptoms at all.

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